FSM was developed by Dr. Carolyn McMakin in 1995 using frequencies passed on from an osteopath in Canada who had a practice that came with a machine made
in the 1920’s. Dr. McMakin developed protocols for the treatment of myofascial pain in 1996 and presented her clinical data at the American Back Society national
meeting in December 1997. In 1998, she published paper on the “Treatment of chronic resistant myofascial pain in the head, neck and face” in
Topics in Clinical
Chiropractic. In addition to other published
FSM papers, Dr. McMakin's textbook "Frequency Specific Microcurrent in Pain Management" was recently
published by Elsevier. Dr. McMakin began teaching FSM in 1997 to see if the effects of FSM were reproducible. By June 1997 it was clear that the effects were reproducible
and the seminars have evolved into a three day intensive class in the use of frequency protocols, the differential diagnosis of pain generators and neurologic
conditions.
The frequencies were developed in the early 1900’s and were used with funky looking electronic equipment that fell out of use in the 1940’s. Microcurrent was
introduced as a battery operated physical therapy modality in the 1980’s in Europe and the USA. Microcurrent devices deliver frequencies and current in millionths
of an amp and have been shown in published studies to increase energy (ATP) production in cells by 500%.
Since 1997, hundreds of practitioners around the world have taken the FSM seminar and use this amazing new technique to help patients recover from myofascial
pain, fibromyalgia, sports injuries, concussion and many other health concerns. The FSM seminar teaches frequency protocols, differential diagnosis of pain
complaints and hands on use of the microcurrent equipment. Our students evaluate the seminars consistently with 5/5 value approval ratings.
Carolyn McMakin, MA, DC is the leading authority and
developer of Frequency Specific Microcurrent (FSM). She
maintains a part time clinical practice, participates in
research and teaches seminars on the use of FSM in the
United States, Australia, Ireland and Europe. She has lectured at
the National Institutes of Health and at numerous
conferences in the US, England, Canada and Australia on
the subjects of fibromyalgia and chronic pain syndromes.

Shannon Goossen, AP, LMT, CMTPT is a practicing Acupuncture
Physician and Myofascial Trigger Point Therapist in Jacksonville, FL.
Shannon has been in private practice since 1996 and a FSM practitioner
since 2001. She graduated from Hendrix College in 1986 and received
her bachelor degree in biology. In 1996 she was licensed in Florida
to practice massage and completed post graduate training for Myofascial
Trigger Point Therapy from the Pittsburgh School of Pain Management
(formally the Academy for Myofascial Trigger Point Therapy). Then,
in 2001 graduated from the Classical Acupuncture Institute. She is board
certified by the National Certification Commission for Acupuncture and
Oriental Medicine (Diplomate) the Myofascial Trigger Point Therapy
National Certification Board, is a certified FSM instructor, and
belongs to several organizations. She has been a contributing author
for 2 text books and published several articles on myofascial pain.
She is also on the editorial board for the Journal of Bodywork and
Movement Therapy. Shannon has been presenting at national meetings
and teaching seminars since 1998 on subjects including myofascial
pain and dysfunction, active myofascial release, spinal disorders
and rehabilitation, neurological evaluation, and the use of FSM in
clinical practice. In 2009 she was invited to become a FSM Core
Instructor and now teaches for FSS on the East coast. Shannon is
passionate about teaching FSM because of what it has done for her
patients and how it has changed her life.
Vanessa Cayle, MSPT opened the CranioSacral Institute
of MI in early 2004 after finding CST for her own health
concerns. She graduated from Grand Valley State
University in 1992 with a BS in Health Science and in
1994 with a MSPT. She has been practicing PT in many
areas since then. She started her career in Neurological
Rehab at Rehab Institute of MI, moved to Acute care,
Orthopedics, and Pediatrics at Sparrow Hospital, then on
to school based therapy. Vanessa has taken Upledger
classes in CST 1, 2, SER1, 2, Advanced CST and LDT.
She is a certified presenter through Upledger Institute.
She teaches 1 and 2 day classes in CST, lectures and
presents on CST. She has also had training in
Reconnection Healing. She has taken classes in
Frequency Specific Microcurrent for: Core Training,
Fibromyalgia, Advanced FSM, and the FSM
Neurotransmitter Workshop. She is a certified FSM
practitioner and sits on the National Advisory Committee
for FSM.

Denise Curtis, M.Sc., PT, NMT is a physical therapist, nutrition
scientist, exercise physiologist, researcher and published author.
She held the position of senior lecturer at the National Training
Centre (NTC) in Dublin, Ireland for over 15 years and has presented
at national and international conventions and symposiums. Denise is
a certified FSM practitioner, is advanced trained in FSM and sits
on the National Advisory Board for the FSM Research Foundation. She
is also a certified FSM instructor and is responsible for teaching
the course in Ireland. Denise recently completed the first ever
controlled trial on the effects of FSM therapy on delayed onset muscle
soreness which has been published by Elsevier Science in the Journal of
Bodywork and Movement Therapies (JBMT). In 2010, her research findings
were presented at the 12th Scientific Conference in Sports and Exercise
Medicine, at the Queen Mary University of London. Denise was recently
presented with the Ruth Johnston memorial award for her outstanding
contribution in support of FSM therapy. Denise is passionate about her
work and divides her time between running her physical therapy clinic,
teaching and research into the development of microcurrent therapy for
the treatment of injuries and chronic pain.